Vioxx
Pain Relief
|
 Vioxx is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used in the treatment of generalized pain, as well as the treatment of inflammation and stiffness of arthritis. Learn more .... |
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VIOXX tablets, 12.5
mg, are cream/off-white, round, shallow cup tablets engraved MRK 74 on one
side and VIOXX on the other.
VIOXX tablets, 25 mg,
are yellow, round tablets engraved MRK 110 on one side and VIOXX on
the other.
VIOXX tablets, 50 mg,
are orange, round tablets engraved MRK 114 on one side and VIOXX on
the other.
HOW DOES VIOXX WORK?
In the body, 2 enzymes are
called COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 helps regulate normal cell function in the
stomach and blood. COX-2 plays a role in causing arthritis pain and
inflammation by causing the release of specific compounds into the blood
called cytokines. Cytokines are compounds that lead to pain and
inflammation of joint tissue. VIOXX is a scientific breakthrough;
the first product to target only the COX-2 enzyme. By inhibiting COX-2
those compounds that lead to inflammation and pain are inhibited from
being released into the blood.
HOW EFFECTIVE IS VIOXX?
OSTEOARTHRITIS:
VIOXX was evaluated
for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of Osteoarthritis of
the knee and hip. The effectiveness of placebo (sugar pill) was compared
with VIOXX treated patients in controlled clinical trials of 6 to
86 weeks duration that enrolled approximately 3900 patients. In patients
with Osteoarthritis, treatment with VIOXX 12.5 mg and 25 mg
once daily resulted in an improvement in patient and physician assessments
in Osteoarthritis severity taking into account joint pain,
stiffness, and range of motion measures. In six studies of pain
accompanying Osteoarthritis flare, VIOXX provided a
significant reduction in joint pain at the first determination (after one
week in one study, after two weeks in the remaining five studies); this
continued for the duration of the studies. In all Osteoarthritis
clinical studies, once daily treatment in the morning with VIOXX
12.5 and 25 mg was associated with a significant reduction in joint
stiffness upon first awakening in the morning.
ANALGESIA AND
DYSMENORRHEA:
In acute pain relief models
of post-operative dental pain, post-orthopedic surgical pain, and primary
dysmenorrhea, VIOXX relieved pain that was rated by patients as
moderate to severe. In single-dose post-operative dental pain studies, the
onset of analgesia with a single 50-mg dose of VIOXX occurred
within 45 minutes.
HOW TO USE THIS
MEDICATION:
You should continue to take
VIOXX as prescribed even when you are feeling better. VIOXX
can be taken with or without food. VIOXX capsules come in 3
strengths: 12.5, 25, and 50 mg.
In Osteoarthritis,
the recommended dose for VIOXX is 25 to 50 mg a day. VIOXX
delivers 24-hour relief from a once-daily dose.
In analgesia and
dysmenorrhea, the recommended dose for VIOXX is also 25 to 50 mg once a
day. VIOXX provides relief through the day and through the night.
CAN I TAKE VIOXX IF I AM
TAKING OTHER MEDICATIONS?
If you are one of the many
people who take low-dose aspirin for the prevention of heart attack or
stroke, you can still take VIOXX. However, taking VIOXX and
aspirin together can increase your risk for developing stomach ulcers
compared to taking VIOXX alone. VIOXX is not a substitute
for aspirin for heart attack or stroke prevention.
CAN I TAKE VIOXX IF I AM
PREGNANT?
In late pregnancy VIOXX
should be avoided because it may cause problems in the final development
of the heart in the fetus.
IS VIOXX A SUBSTITUTE FOR
CORTICOSTEROIDS?
NO. VIOXX cannot be
expected to substitute for corticosteroids or to treat corticosteroid
insufficiency. Abrupt discontinuation of this medicine may lead to
exacerbation of corticosteroid-responsive illness. Patients on prolonged
corticosteroid therapy should have their therapy tapered slowly if a
decision is made to discontinue this medication.
INCLUDE IN YOUR MEDICAL
HISTORY/PERSONAL PROFILE:
-
If you are pregnant or
plan to become pregnant. VIOXX should not be used in late pregnancy
because it may harm the fetus.
-
If you are breast-feeding
or plan to breast-feed. It is not known whether VIOXX is passed
through to human breast milk and what its effects could be on a nursing
child.
-
If you have kidney disease
-
If you have liver disease
-
If you have heart failure
-
If you have high blood
pressure
-
If you have had an
allergic reaction to aspirin or other NSAIDs
-
If you have had a serious
stomach problem (ulcers) in the past.
DRUG INTERACTIONS:
Include on your medical
history/personal profile all of the other medicines you are taking or plan
to take while you are on VIOXX, even other medicines that you can
get without a prescription. VIOXX has significant drug interactions
with:
Methotrexate (a medicine
used to suppress the immune system).
Warfarin (a blood
thinner).
Rifampin (an antibiotic).
ACE inhibitors (medicines
used for high blood pressure and heart failure).
Lithium (a medicine used
to treat a certain type of depression).
ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Serious but rare side
effects that have been reported in patients taking VIOXX are
delineated below:
Serious stomach problems,
such as stomach and intestinal bleeding, can occur with or without warning
symptoms. These problems, if severe, could lead to hospitalization or
death. Although this happens rarely, you should watch for signs that you
may have this serious side effect.
Serious allergic reactions
including swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat which may
cause difficulty breathing or swallowing and wheezing occur rarely but may
require treatment right away. Severe skin reactions have also been
reported.
Serious kidney problems
occur rarely, including acute kidney failure and worsening of chronic
kidney failure.
Severe liver problems,
including hepatitis, jaundice and liver failure, occur rarely in patients
taking NSAIDs, including VIOXX. Symptoms of liver problems include nausea,
tiredness, itching, tenderness in the right upper abdomen, and flu-like
symptoms.
In addition, the following
side effects have been reported: anxiety, confusion, depression, hair
loss, hallucinations, increased levels of potassium in the blood, low
blood cell counts, palpitations, pancreatitis, tingling sensation, unusual
headache with stiff neck (aseptic meningitis), vertigo.
WARNINGS:
Do not take VIOXX if you:
have had an allergic
reaction such as asthma attacks, hives, or swelling of the throat and face
to aspirin or other NSAIDs (for example, ibuprofen and naproxen).
have had an allergic reaction to refecoxib,
which is the active ingredient of VIOXX, or to any of its inactive
ingredients.
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